{"id":882,"date":"2022-04-21T20:21:52","date_gmt":"2022-04-21T12:21:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dcupqiu.club\/?p=882"},"modified":"2022-04-22T10:49:38","modified_gmt":"2022-04-22T02:49:38","slug":"shell%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8-awk%e3%80%81sed%e3%80%81grep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dcupqiu.club\/?p=882","title":{"rendered":"Shell\u5165\u95e8\u2014\u2014awk\u3001sed\u3001grep"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/along21\/p\/10366886.html\">https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/along21\/p\/10366886.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Grep<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>grep\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/strong>\u641c\u7d22\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5168\u79f0\u662fGlobal Regular Expression Print\u3002<br>egrep = grep -E \u5373\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<br><strong>grep [option] pattern file<\/strong><br>\u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>-A&lt;\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570&gt;\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u7b26\u5408pattern\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u5916\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li><li>-B&lt;\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570&gt;\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u7b26\u5408pattern\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u5916\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li><li>-C&lt;\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570&gt;\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u7b26\u5408pattern\u7684\u54ea\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u524d\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li><li>-c\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\u6570<\/li><li><strong>-e\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u95f4\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u6216\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>-E\uff1a\u62d3\u5c55\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/strong><\/li><li>-f FILE\uff1a\u4eceFILE\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u7684pattern<\/li><li>-F\uff1a\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8efgrep\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li><li>-i &#8211;ignore-case \u5ffd\u7565\u5b57\u7b26\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5dee\u522b<\/li><li>-n\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\u53f7<\/li><li>-o\uff1a\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li><li>-q\uff1a\u9759\u9ed8\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8f93\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u4fe1\u606f<\/li><li>-s\uff1a\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/li><li><strong>-v:\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u88abpattern\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/strong><\/li><li>-w\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u6574\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>POSIX\u57fa\u672c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5f15\u64ce<\/li><li>POSIX\u6269\u5c55\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5f15\u64ce<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u57fa\u672c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>. \u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5339\u914d\u7a7a\u884c<\/li><li>[]\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/li><li>[^]\u53d6\u53cd<\/li><li>[:alnum:]\u6216[0-9a-zA-Z]<\/li><li>[:alpha:]\u6216[a-zA-Z]<\/li><li>[:upper:]\u6216[A-Z]<\/li><li>[:lower:]\u6216[a-z]<\/li><li>[:blank:]\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u5236\u8868\u7b26<\/li><li>[:space:]\u6c34\u5e73\u6216\u5782\u76f4\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26<\/li><li>[:cntrl:]\u4e0d\u53ef\u6253\u5370\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u9000\u683c\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u8b66\u94c3\uff09<\/li><li>[:digit:]\u6216[0-9]<\/li><li>[:xdigit:]\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u5b57<\/li><li>[:graph:]\u53ef\u6253\u5370\u7684\u975e\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26<\/li><li>[:print:]\u53ef\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u7b26<\/li><li>[:punct:]\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u914d\u7f6e\u6b21\u6570<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>* \u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4eba\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c<strong>\u5305\u62ec0\u6b21\uff0c<\/strong>\u8d2a\u5a6a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u957f\u7684\u5339\u914d<\/li><li>.* \u4efb\u610f\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c<strong>\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec0\u6b21<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\\? <\/strong>\u5339\u914d\u5176\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<strong>0\u62161\u6b21<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\\+<\/strong> \u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<strong>\u81f3\u5c111\u6b21<\/strong><\/li><li>\\{n\\} \u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26n\u6b21<\/li><li>\\{m,n\\} \u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u81f3\u5c11m\u6b21\uff0c\u81f3\u591an\u6b21<\/li><li>\\{,n\\} \u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u81f3\u591an\u6b21<\/li><li>\\{n,\\} \u5339\u914d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u81f3\u5c11n\u6b21<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4f4d\u7f6e\u951a\u5b9a\uff1a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>^ \u884c\u9996\u951a\u5b9a\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6700\u5de6\u4fa7<\/li><li>$ \u884c\u5c3e\u951a\u5b9a\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u4fa7<\/li><li>^PATTERN$ \u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u6574\u884c<\/li><li>^$ \u7a7a\u884c<\/li><li>^[[:space:]].*$ \u7a7a\u767d\u884c<\/li><li>\\&lt; \u6216 \\b \u8bcd\u9996\u951a\u5b9a\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5355\u8bcd\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5de6\u4fa7<\/li><li>\\&gt; \u6216 \\b \u8bcd\u5c3e\u951a\u5b9a\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5355\u8bcd\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u53f3\u4fa7<\/li><li>\\&lt;PATTERN\\&gt;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5206\u7ec4\u548c\u540e\u5411\u5f15\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u5206\u7ec4\uff1a \\( \\)\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u6346\u7ed1\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5206\u7ec4\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u88ab\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5f15\u64ce\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8e\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a\\1, \\2, \\3, &#8230;<\/li><li>\u540e\u5411\u5f15\u7528\uff1a\u5f15\u7528\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u6240\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6a21\u5f0f\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\\&amp;\u8868\u793a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<\/li><li>grep &#8220;\\(HE\\).*\\1&#8221; test \ud83d\udc48 \u4f8b\u5982<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6269\u5c55\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>.\u4efb\u610f\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/li><li>[]\u6307\u5b9a\u65b9\u4f4d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<\/li><li>[^]\u4e0d\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u65b9\u4f4d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<\/li><li>* \u4efb\u610f\u6b21 \/\/ \uff1f 0\u6b21\u62161\u6b21 \/\/ + \u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u6b21 \/\/ {m} m\u6b21 \/\/\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\\\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u4e49{<\/li><li>^ \u884c\u9996<\/li><li>$ \u884c\u5c3e<\/li><li>\\&lt;, \\b \u8bed\u9996 \\&gt;, \\b\u8bed\u5c3e<\/li><li>() \u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u5411\u540e\u5f15\u7528 \\1\uff0c\\2<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">sed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>sed\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u4e00\u6b21\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5904\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u5f53\u524d\u5904\u7406\u7684\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e34\u65f6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a<strong>\u201c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d<\/strong>\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u7528sed\u547d\u4ee4\u5904\u7406\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u628a\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u9001\u5f80\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8bfb\u5165\u4e0b\u884c\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf8\u5982&#8217;D&#8217;\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u4e4b\u95f4\u6e05\u7a7a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6e05\u7a7a\u4fdd\u7559\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8<\/strong>\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5b58\u50a8\u8f93\u51fa\u6216-i\u3002<\/strong>\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u8f91\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53cd\u590d\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<br>sed [options] &#8216;[\u5730\u5740\u5b9a\u754c] command&#8217; file(s)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>-n\uff1a\u4e0d\u8f93\u51fa\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u6253\u5370\uff0c\u53ea\u6253\u5370\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/li><li>-e\uff1a\u591a\u70b9\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bcf\u884c\u5904\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2aScript<\/li><li>-f\uff1a\u628ascript\u5199\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u6267\u884csed\u65f6-f\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u591a\u4e2ascript\uff0c\u6362\u884c\u5199<\/li><li>-r\uff1a\u652f\u6301\u62d3\u5c55\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/li><li>-i\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/li><li>-i.bak\uff1a\u5728\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\u5907\u4efd\u4e00\u4efd<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5730\u5740\u5b9a\u754c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u7ed9\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bf9\u5168\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406<br>\u5355\u5730\u5740\uff1a #\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u884c\uff1b\/pattern\/\uff1a\u88ab\u6b64\u6a21\u5f0f\u80fd\u591f\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c<br>\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\uff1a #,#; #, +# ; \/pat1\/, \/pat2\/; #, \/pat1\/<br>\u6b65\u8fdb\uff1ased -n &#8216;1~2p&#8217; \u53ea\u6253\u5370\u5947\u6570\u884c\uff0csed -n &#8216;2~2p&#8217;\u53ea\u6253\u5370\u5076\u6570\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7f16\u8f91\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>d\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u7acb\u5373\u542f\u7528\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u5faa\u73af<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>p\uff1a\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8f93\u51fa\u4e4b\u540e<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>a\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u884c<strong>\u540e\u9762\u8ffd\u52a0\u6587\u672c<\/strong>\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u884c\u8ffd\u52a0<\/li><li><strong>i\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u884c<strong>\u524d\u9762\u63d2\u5165<\/strong>\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u884c\u8ffd\u52a0<\/li><li><strong>c\uff1a\u66ff\u6362<\/strong>\u884c\u4e3a\u5355\u884c\u6216\u591a\u884c\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\\n\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u884c\u8ffd\u52a0<\/li><li>w\uff1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6<\/li><li>r\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u672c\u81f3\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u884c\u540e<\/li><li>=\uff1a\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u6253\u5370\u884c\u53f7<\/li><li>\uff01\uff1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\u884c<strong>\u53d6\u53cd<\/strong>\u5904\u7406<\/li><li><strong>s\/\/\/<\/strong>\uff1a<strong>\u67e5\u627e\u66ff\u6362<\/strong>\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u5272\u7b26\uff0c\u5982\uff1as@@@, s###\uff1b<\/li><li>s\/pattern_o\/pattern_r\/g<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">sed\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f16\u8f91\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>h  \u628a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8986\u76d6\u5230\u4fdd\u6301\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d<\/li><li>H  \u628a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8ffd\u52a0\u81f3\u4fdd\u6301\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d<\/li><li>g  \u4ece\u4fdd\u6301\u7a7a\u95f4\u53d6\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u8986\u76d6\u81f3\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li><li>G  \u4ece\u4fdd\u6301\u7a7a\u95f4\u53d6\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u8ffd\u52a0\u81f3\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li><li>x  \u628a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0e\u4fdd\u6301\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u547c\u5524<\/li><li>n  \u8bfb\u53d6\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u884c\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u8986\u76d6\u81f3\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li><li>N  \u8bfb\u53d6\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u884c\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u8ffd\u52a0\u81f3\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li><li>d  \u5220\u9664\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u884c<\/li><li>D  \u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f00\u7aef\u81f3\\n\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u653e\u5f03\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884csed<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Awk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">awk\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>awk\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728linux\/unix\u4e0b\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\u81ea\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165(stdin)\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7b49\u5148\u8fdb\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u662flinux\/unix\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7f16\u7a0b\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u811a\u672c\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002awk\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5b83\u548cC\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u662fawk\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>awk [options] &#8216;program&#8217; var=value file&#8230;<br>awk [options] -f programfile var=value file&#8230;<br>awk [options] &#8216;BEGIN{action;&#8230;} pattern{action;&#8230;} END{action;&#8230;}&#8217; file&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>-F fs\uff1afs\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0cfs\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/li><li>-v var=value\uff1a\u8d4b\u503c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5c06\u5916\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9awk<\/li><li>-f scripfile\uff1a\u4ece\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6awk\u547d\u4ee4<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">awk\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\u5185\u7f6e\u548c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u524d\u52a0-v<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>FS\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26<\/li><li>OFS\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26<\/li><li>RS\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u65f6\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff0c\u539f\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u6548<\/li><li>ORS\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\u4ee3\u66ff\u6362\u884c\u7b26<\/li><li>NF\uff1a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6570\u91cf\uff0c<strong>\u5171\u6709<\/strong>\u591a\u5c11\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c<strong>$NF\u5f15\u7528\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217,$(NF-1)<\/strong>\u5f15\u7528\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217<\/li><li>NR\uff1a\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u540e\u53ef\u8ddf\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u884c\u53f7\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u540e\u884c\u53f7\u5f00\u59cb<\/li><li>FNR\uff1a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u522b\u8ba1\u6570\uff0c\u884c\u53f7<\/li><li>FILENAME\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/li><li>ARGC\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570<\/li><li>ARGV\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6240\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u5404\u53c2\u6570<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u7b97\u672f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a+ &#8211; * \/ ^ %<\/li><li>\u8d4b\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a= += -= *= \/= %= ^= ++ &#8212;<\/li><li>\u6bd4\u8f83\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a== != > >= &lt; &lt;=<\/li><li>\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7b26\uff1a~\u5de6\u8fb9\u662f\u5426\u548c\u53f3\u8fb9\u5339\u914d\uff0c!~\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u5339\u914d<\/li><li>\u903b\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a&amp;&amp; || !<\/li><li>\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\uff1afunction_name(arg1, arg2,&#8230;)<\/li><li>\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1aselector?if-true-expression:if-false-expression<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">awk PATTERN \u5339\u914d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>PATTERN\uff1a\u6839\u636epattern\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u518d\u505a\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u5982\u679c\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\uff1a\u7a7a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c<\/li><li>\/regular expression\/\uff1a\u8fdb\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u591f\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u89c4\u5219<\/li><li>relation expression\uff1a\u5173\u7cfb\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u771f\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5904\u7406<\/li><li>line ranges\u884c\u8303\u56f4<\/li><li>BEGIN\u4ec5\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u524d\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21END\u5c3d\u5728\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u540e\u6267\u884c<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">awk if-else\u5224\u65ad<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>if(condition){statement;&#8230;.}[else statement]<br>if(condition1){statement1}else if(condintion2){statement2} else {statement3}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">awk while\u5faa\u73af<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>while(condition){statement;&#8230;}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">awk do-while\u5faa\u73af<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>do{statement;&#8230;}while(condition)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">awk for\u5faa\u73af<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>for(expr1;expr2;expr3){statement;&#8230;}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>for(var in array){statement}<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/a&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-882","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-programer-language"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.5.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Shell\u5165\u95e8\u2014\u2014awk\u3001sed\u3001grep - \u79cb\u5586\u306eSite<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dcupqiu.club\/?p=882\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Shell\u5165\u95e8\u2014\u2014awk\u3001sed\u3001grep - \u79cb\u5586\u306eSite\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/a...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dcupqiu.club\/?p=882\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u79cb\u5586\u306eSite\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-04-21T12:21:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-04-22T02:49:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u79cb\u5586\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" 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